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1 Arthur
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2 Young, Arthur
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 11 September 1741 London, Englandd. 20 April 1820 Bradford, England[br]English writer and commentator on agricultural affairs; founder and Secretary of the Board of Agriculture (later the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food).[br]He was the youngest of the three children of Dr Arthur Young, who was at one time Chaplain to the Speaker of the House of Commons. He learned Latin and Greek at Lavenham School, and at the age of 17 was apprenticed to a mercantile house, an occupation he disliked. He first published The Theatre of the Present War in North America in 1758. He then wrote four novels and began to produce the literary magazine The Universal Museum. After his father's death he returned home to manage his father's farm, and in 1765 he married Martha Allen.Young learned farming by experiment, and three years after his return he took over the rent of a 300 acre farm, Samford Hall in Essex. He was not a practical farmer, and was soon forced to give it up in favour of one of 100 acres (40.5 hectares) in Hertfordshire. He subsidized his farming with his writing, and in 1768 published The Farmer's Letters to the People of England. The first of his books on agricultural tours, Six Weeks Tours through the Counties of England and Wales, was published in 1771. Between 1784 and 1809 he published the Annals of Agriculture, one of whose contributors was George III, who wrote under the pseudonym of Ralph Robinson.By this time he was corresponding with all of influence in agricultural matters, both at home and abroad. George Washington wrote frequently to Young, and George III was reputed to travel always with a copy of his book. The Empress of Russia sent students to him and had his Tours published in Russian. Young made three trips to France in 1787, 1788 and 1789–90 respectively, prior to and during the French Revolution, and his Travels in France (1792) is a remarkable account of that period, made all the more fascinating by his personal contact with people differing as widely as Mirabeau, the French revolutionary leader, and King Louis XVI.Unfortunately, in 1811 an unsuccessful cataract operation left him blind, and he moved from London to his native Bradford, where he remained until his death.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsChairman, Agricultural Committee of the Society of Arts 1773: awarded three Gold Medals during his career for his achievements in practical agriculture. FRS. Honorary Member of the Dublin, York and Manchester learned societies, as well as the Economic Society of Berne, the Palatine Academy of Agriculture at Mannheim, and the Physical Society of Zurich. Honourary member, French Royal Society of Agriculture. Secretary, Board of Agriculture 1793.BibliographyHis first novels were The Fair Americans, Sir Charles Beaufort, Lucy Watson and Julia Benson.His earliest writings on agriculture appeared as collected letters in a periodical with the title Museum Rusticum in 1767.In 1770 he published a two-volume work entitled A Course of Experimental Agriculture, and between 1766 and 1775 he published The Farmer's Letters, Political Arithmetic, Political Essays Concerning the Present State of the British Empire and Southern, Northern and Eastern Tours, and in 1779 he published The Tour of Ireland.In addition he was author of the Board of Agriculture reports on the counties of Suffolk, Lincoln, Norfolk, Hertford, Essex and Oxford.Further ReadingJ.Thirsk (ed.), 1989, The Agrarian History of England and Wales, Vol. VI (deals with the years 1750 to 1850, the period associated with Young).T.G.Gazeley, 1973, "The life of Arthur Young, 1741–1820", Memoirs, American Philosophical Society 97.AP -
3 Clarke, Arthur Charles
[br]b. 16 December 1917 Minehead, Somerset, England[br]English writer of science fiction who correctly predicted the use of geo-stationary earth satellites for worldwide communications.[br]Whilst still at Huish's Grammar School, Taunton, Clarke became interested in both space science and science fiction. Unable to afford a scientific education at the time (he later obtained a BSc at King's College, London), he pursued both interests in his spare time while working in the Government Exchequer and Audit Department between 1936 and 1941. He was a founder member of the British Interplanetary Society, subsequently serving as its Chairman in 1946–7 and 1950–3. From 1941 to 1945 he served in the Royal Air Force, becoming a technical officer in the first GCA (Ground Controlled Approach) radar unit. There he began to produce the first of many science-fiction stories. In 1949–50 he was an assistant editor of Science Abstracts at the Institution of Electrical Engineers.As a result of his two interests, he realized during the Second World War that an artificial earth satellite in an equatorial orbital with a radius of 35,000 km (22,000 miles) would appear to be stationary, and that three such geo-stationary, or synchronous, satellites could be used for worldwide broadcast or communications. He described these ideas in a paper published in Wireless World in 1945. Initially there was little response, but within a few years the idea was taken up by the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration and in 1965 the first synchronous satellite, Early Bird, was launched into orbit.In the 1950s he moved to Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) to pursue an interest in underwater exploration, but he continued to write science fiction, being known in particular for his contribution to the making of the classic Stanley Kubrick science-fiction film 2001: A Space Odyssey, based on his book of the same title.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsClarke received many honours for both his scientific and science-fiction writings. For his satellite communication ideas his awards include the Franklin Institute Gold Medal 1963 and Honorary Fellowship of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics 1976. For his science-fiction writing he received the UNESCO Kalinga Prize (1961) and many others. In 1979 he became Chancellor of Moratuwa University in Sri Lanka and in 1980 Vikran Scrabhai Professor at the Physical Research Laboratory of the University of Ahmedabad.Bibliography1945. "Extra-terrestrial relays: can rocket stations give world wide coverage?", Wireless World L1: 305 (puts forward his ideas for geo-stationary communication satellites).1946. "Astronomical radar: some future possibilities", Wireless World 52:321.1948, "Electronics and space flight", Journal of the British Interplanetary Society 7:49. Other publications, mainly science-fiction novels, include: 1955, Earthlight, 1956, TheCoast of Coral; 1958, Voice Across the Sea; 1961, Fall of Moondust; 1965, Voicesfrom the Sky, 1977, The View from Serendip; 1979, Fountain of Paradise; 1984, Ascent to Orbit: A Scientific Autobiography, and 1984, 2010: Odyssey Two (a sequel to 2001: A Space Odyssey that was also made into a film).Further Reading1986, Encyclopaedia Britannica.1991, Who's Who, London: A. \& C.Black.See also: Pierce, John RobinsonKF -
4 Arturo
m.1 (Astr.) Arcturus, a fixed star of the first magnitude in the constellation Bootes.2 Proper name, Arthur.* * *SM Arthur* * *el rey Arturo King Arthur* * *Arturo n prel rey Arturo King Arthur -
5 errege
[from Lat. "rex", "rege"] iz.1.a. ( oro.) king; \errege egin zuten he made him king; Luis XIVa \errege zela when Louis XIV was king; erresuma baten \errege \errege izan to reign over a kingdom ; \errege delako bat a pretender to the throne ; \errege bezala regally, like a king; Ingalaterrako Erregearen zapata the King of England's shoe; E\errege guztien E\errege the King of Kings; E\erregeen Liburua (Bibl.) the Book of Kingsb. King; Albaniako E\erregea the King of Albania; E\erregek hola esan du the King has said so; Artur \erregea King Arthurc. \errege absolutu absolute monarch; \errege konstituzional constitutional monarch; E\errege Katolikoak the Catholic Kingsd. (esa.) \erregearen aurpegi Lagunart. umorezko erabilera. moon Lagunart., fannye. [ izenen aurrean ] royal \errege-odol royal blood; Zientzi E\errege-Akademia Royal Academy of Sciences2. E\erregeak the Wise Men; E\errege Magoak the Magi; E\errege Eguna Epiphany, Twelfth-Night, Twelfth Day of Christmas3. Kartak. king4. (Zoo.) \erregearen txakur caterpillar ; arrano \errege golden eagle -
6 нефтяной король
«перламутровые король и королева» — pearly king and queen
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7 Tafelrunde
f (company at) (the) table; König Artus und die Tafelrunde King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table* * *Ta|fel|run|defcompany (at table); (LITER) Round Tabledie ganze Táfelrunde applaudierte — the whole table applauded
eine festliche Táfelrunde saß beisammen — a festive banquet was in progress
* * *Ta·fel·run·def (geh) company at a table* * *Tafelrunde f (company at) (the) table;König Artus und die Tafelrunde King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table* * *f.company at table n. -
8 Artù
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9 fabulous
أُسْطُورِيّ \ fabulous: unbelievable; wonderful: fabulous jewels. legendary: concerning legends; famous in legends: King Arthur is a legendary figure from England’s distant past. mythical: (of sth. ancient) to known through myths. \ خُرَافيّ \ fabulous: unbelievable; wonderful: fabulous jewels. legendary: concerning legends; famous in legends: King Arthur is a legendary figure from England’s distant past. mythical: (of sth. ancient) known through myths. -
10 legendary
أُسْطُورِيّ \ fabulous: unbelievable; wonderful: fabulous jewels. legendary: concerning legends; famous in legends: King Arthur is a legendary figure from England’s distant past. mythical: (of sth. ancient) to known through myths. \ خُرَافيّ \ fabulous: unbelievable; wonderful: fabulous jewels. legendary: concerning legends; famous in legends: King Arthur is a legendary figure from England’s distant past. mythical: (of sth. ancient) known through myths. -
11 mythical
أُسْطُورِيّ \ fabulous: unbelievable; wonderful: fabulous jewels. legendary: concerning legends; famous in legends: King Arthur is a legendary figure from England’s distant past. mythical: (of sth. ancient) to known through myths. \ خُرَافيّ \ fabulous: unbelievable; wonderful: fabulous jewels. legendary: concerning legends; famous in legends: King Arthur is a legendary figure from England’s distant past. mythical: (of sth. ancient) known through myths. -
12 re
I [re] sm inv(gen) king, (fig : magnate) tycoon, magnateII [rɛ] sm invi Re Magi — the Three Wise Men, the Magi
Mus D, (solfeggiando la scala) re -
13 Artús
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14 Rey Arturo
m.King Arthur, Arthur. -
15 предание о короле Артуре
General subject: the legend of King ArthurУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > предание о короле Артуре
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16 рассказы о Короле Артуре
General subject: tales of the court of King ArthurУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > рассказы о Короле Артуре
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17 рассказы рыцарей круглого стола Короля Артура
General subject: tales of the court of King ArthurУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > рассказы рыцарей круглого стола Короля Артура
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18 Ritter
m; -s, -; knight (auch Ordensträger); zum Ritter schlagen knight; ein Ritter ohne Furcht und Tadel a knight without fear and without reproach; umg. a knight in shining armo(u)r; arme Ritter GASTR. bread fritters* * *der Ritterknight; chevalier; cavalier* * *Rịt|ter ['rɪtɐ]m -s, -jdn zum Ritter schlagen — to knight sb, to dub sb knight
der Ritter von der traurigen Gestalt — the Knight of the Sorrowful Countenance
ein Ritter ohne Furcht und Tadel (lit) — a doughty knight; (fig) a knight in shining armour (Brit) or armor (US)
2) (Adelstitel) ≈ SirX Ritter von Y — ≈ Sir X of Y
3) (= Ordensträger) knight4) (= Schmetterling) swallowtail5) (COOK)arme Ritter pl — ≈ bread-and-butter pudding
* * *der1) (in earlier times, a man of noble birth who is trained to fight, especially on horseback: King Arthur and his knights.) knight2) (a man of rank, having the title `Sir': Sir John Brown was made a knight in 1969.) knight* * *Rit·ter<-s, ->[ˈrɪtɐ]m1. (Angehöriger des Ritterstandes) knightfahrender \Ritter knight-errantjdn zum \Ritter schlagen to knight sb, to dub sb knight3. (Adelstitel)Lanzelot \Ritter von Camelot Sir Lancelot of Camelot4. (Mitglied)der \Ritter des Malteserordens Knight of Malta5.* * *der; Ritters, Ritter knightjemanden zum Ritter schlagen — (hist.) knight somebody; dub somebody [a] knight
* * *zum Ritter schlagen knight;ein Ritter ohne Furcht und Tadel a knight without fear and without reproach; umg a knight in shining armo(u)r;arme Ritter GASTR bread fritters* * *der; Ritters, Ritter knightjemanden zum Ritter schlagen — (hist.) knight somebody; dub somebody [a] knight
* * *- m.chevalier n.knight n. -
19 Artus
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20 легенда
1. legendлегенди сьбир. legendryнародни легенди folktales2. (измислица) myth, fiction, fib, tall story3. (обяснение на условни знаци) key, explanation, legend* * *легѐнда,ж., -и 1. legend; \легендаи събир. legendry; народни \легендаи folktales;2. ( измислица) myth, fiction, fib, tall story;* * *fable; key (на карта); legend: the легенда of King Arthur - легендата за крал Артур; story* * *1. (измислица) myth, fiction, fib, tall story 2. (обяснение на условни знаци) key, explanation, legend 3. legend 4. легенди сьбир. legendry 5. народни легенди folktales
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